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India’s new labour codes – By far the biggest change to labour laws in Indian history?

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India’s new labour codes – By far the biggest change to labour laws in Indian history?

Date | Version June 29, 2022 | 1.0
Keywords Labour Law, Labour Codes
List of Legislation(s) Referred
  • The Code on Wages, 2019
  • The Industrial Relations Code, 2020
  • The Code on Social Security, 2020
  • The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020
Jurisdiction India

Abstract

This write-up provides an overview of the new Labour Codes introduced in India, their key provisions, objectives and the status of their implementation.

Introduction

India has historically regulated labour and employment matters through numerous labour legislations. In an effort to simplify compliance and modernise labour laws, twenty-nine existing labour legislations have been consolidated into four comprehensive Labour Codes.

The four Labour Codes are the Code on Wages, 2019, the Code on Social Security, 2020, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020.

These Codes address a wide range of employment-related matters, including wages, social security benefits, occupational health and safety, employment conditions, industrial relations, dispute resolution mechanisms, trade unions, and employee welfare.

The article examines the scope, coverage and key features of each Labour Code, including changes relating to wage structures, social security coverage, fixed-term employment, grievance redressal mechanisms, trade union recognition, occupational safety standards, employment of women, overtime provisions and welfare measures for workers.

It further discusses the implementation status of the Labour Codes, the progress made by various States and Union Territories in framing rules, and the practical implications for employers in terms of compliance, human resource policies and operational planning.

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